Loom weighting for weaving



Oct. 20, 1953 H. RICHMOND 2,655,948

LOOM WEIGHTING FOR WEAVNG Filed July 14, 1949 Patented Oct. 20, 1953 UNITED J"l" OFFICE Application..luly 1 4, 1949 Serial N o. 104,761 I'n Grearitain February 12,.19'49-` 3 Claims-. 1r.

The invention relatesto an improved let-oil motion for cloth weaving.

This invention aims atdispensing entirely with the necessity of' the weaver lifting the heavy loom weightsplaced upon' thebeamto tension theyarn.

In principleA the motion eliminates theA heavy weightsplacedonthe weight levers at the back of the loom, usedifor applying tension to the warp or weavers beam and, which call for frequent alteration of position of the weights, as the beam decreases in diameter. The lifting or the heavy loom weights often caused-weavers to strain or rupture themselves. This invention applies compression springs of almost any strength (the strength regulated by the style of cloth being woven), to produce a standard rate of tension during weaving, and at all warp diameters. The motion can briefly be. describedzby, examining the centre boxor casing. Inf thisiboxare housed, two compression springs. These are,.pl aced upon two screw threaded. bars. Thez bars.; are. pushed through the holes bored in the box and the screw threaded. ends of the bars are screwed into blocks, of which there are two, one for each bar. At the outer end of each bar a hook is made.

As these bars are pulled it will be seen that the blocks are drawn outward and the compression springs are drawn against the ends of the box by the screw threaded bars, thus anything linked to these bars receives the whole of the force of the compression springs.

The blocks slide very freely in the metal box or casing, and in operation they are urged toward each other by the springs and thus the requisite tension or drag is transmitted to the warp beam through the levers and chains which are coupled to the warp beam.

Short bars having loops on their inner ends engage with the hooks of the spring bars and are secured to side levers which are fastened to the loom sides. On each of the short bars a coarse or buttress screw thread is cut, this allows for a. small wheel of four inches in diameter to work or turn on the small bar. It will be seen that as the wheel is turned, it either moves inward or outward and through the connection to the levers, controlled pressure is transmitted to the warp beam. Through the side levers, screw headed hooks are placed and are hooked on to the warp beam Chains. Small wheels are screw threaded onto these hooks and act as nuts to tighten up the connection between the beam chains and the side levers, thus placing more or less pull or tension on the beam through the compression springs.

In the centre of the casing a shaped'v cam is ttedfor the purpose of compressing the springsand so slackening orf the tension on theL beam'. This shaped cam swivels on acentre studi In order to make it easy for the weaver to'slacken offfthe-springs, a foot'rest or'table is ii'xed to the @entre stud?. When thesweaver wishes' toslacken oiT- thebeam, footV pressure onr thisl foot rest'turns thecamj horizontally'and this in` turn pushes theV spring loaded blocks outwardly and so`I slackens` thechains on` thebeamruiil'es, thus veasing the tenslon onthebeam. Thewarpj beamis allowed to move backwards and forwards; the-give and take ofthe compression springsal-lowing for this` Compression springs-ofj anyl strength-mavbe used* 1n this .inventionin order to'- increase-1 or`v decreasev the .amount of pressure requiredi to be: exertedif on the.. beam.

The invention-is;illustratedsom'ewhat diagram `V m-atically, andV byfway-ofi example in; theaccompanying.v drawing: inzwliichL-e t. Figure 1 is an elevational view of one construcion.

Figurev2 is a View similar to Fig. 1 with the motion out of action, through the compression springs I3 being at rest.

Figure 3 is a detail view of one of the levers 5 linking the motion with the beam.

Figure 4 is a detail view, partly in section, illustrating the centre cam 8, also blocks 3 and compression springs I3.

Behind the loom and fixed to the centre of the back rail of the loom is an oblong or cylindrical box or casing I shown in Figures 1 and 2. On this casing at each end is bored one hole, through these holes two slide bars 2 are inserted at opposite ends to each other. These bars are each screw threaded at one end for the purpose of enabling them to be screwed into two blocks 3 facing each other. On these bars strong spiral springs I3 are placed and when the bars are pulled outward, the blocks 3 move along with them. This causes the springs to be slightly compressed, thus giving a pull to the bars 4 and levers 5 which are linked to the warp beam.

The outer end of each slide bar 2 is made with a hook for the purpose of engaging with another bar 4. This second bar is made with a loop at one end; this loop end is hooked on to the bar 2 and the bar 4 is in turn xed to one of the levers 5 bolted to the side of the loom. The latter bar has a coarse screw thread cut into it on the buttress principle, which allows for a small wheel 6 four inches in diameter, which has been threaded so that it can turn on the thread I3 to be adjustably compressed. For the purpose y of connecting the motion to the warp beam, the beam chains, which are around the ruiles of the beam, are connected to hooks 'I, about six inches long. These hooks 1, are screw threaded with a coarse screw thread and are placed one at each side of the loom. The hook portion is placed into one of the holes or links of the chain. On this threaded hook a small wheel I II is screw threaded with similar thread to the hook. 'I'his small wheel I9 serves the purpose of a nut and, by turning in the right direction, tightens Vup the chain and brings the motion into its correct position for adding pressure to the beam. In the centre of the boX or casing I a cam 8 is secured on a stud or small shaft at I4 which allowsfor the slackening of the compression springs I3 when the weaver requires the beam to be slackened off. The cam 8 is bored in the centre and a small arm or lever is fitted into it and a foot rest or turn table arrangement 9 is xed to the small arm by set screws or keyed on to it. When the foot rest or table 9 is depressed the cam 8 turns to a horizontal position, this cam then slides between the two `blocks 3. By this means the springs are compressed slightly and this allows the chains on the warp beam to be slackened and in position for the turning back of the beam. At II a small plate is xed which comes in contact with the oor and prevents the cam 8 from getting out of its horizontal position.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare, that what I claim is:

1. In a loom having a warp beam, a warp letoi comprising: a casing secured to said loom, two opposed blocks slidably mounted in said casing, a hook bar secured to each block and extending outwardly from said casing in opposite directions, compression springs on said bars between said blocks and the ends of said casing for normally urging said blocks towards each other, means connecting said hook bars with the ends of said beam to transmit braking pressure from said springs to said beam and means for moving said blocks away from each other Ato relieve said braking pressure.

2. The combination according to claim 1 in which the connecting means comprises bars connected to said hook bars, levers mounted on said loom and adjustably connecting said levers to said warp beam.

3. 'I'he combination according to claim 2 in which the relieving means comprises a cam pivotally mounted in said casing between said blocks and means connected to said cam for moving the same.

HENRY RICHMOND.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date Germany Oct. 29, 1931 Great Britain Jan. 28, 1949 Number 750,352 France May 22, 1933 France Jan. 29, 1932 

